Treaty of Versailles (ended WW1)

World War I caused a lot of European country's damages. But the one who lost in the war paid the prices for all the damages . The Triple Entente, which is the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and also the United states won the war, and the Central Power, which is Germany, Austria, and Italy lost the war. Since Germany signed Treaty of Versailles, they paid most of the damage of their country and other countries that they've destroyed. They also lost their colonies in other countries, like Africa. Their economy was ruined and all this led Germany to depression.

Then a man, named Adolf Hitler, was one of the Germans who were really upset about their losses. He was Austrian- born, but raised as a German. He became a great politician and also became a leader of the Nazi Party. And soon enough, he became the Chancellor of Germany. The treaty of Versailles also got them furious, because there was many unfair rules of the treaty, but other people think they deserved it. But I think, there's a lot of good and bad sides of the war, because everyone chooses to kill people. But it depends of the measures you take.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey.

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk is a Turkish Muslim. He was mostly involved in religion and politics. Mustafa Kemal wanted to modernized the religion, Islam in Turkey. Mustafa didn't want to wear the traditional stuff that Muslims wore in the Middle East. He believed that religion is religion, you don't have to wear a specific thing. He felt that since they're in Europe, they wanted themselves to blend in the European style. Like he wanted them to wear such things, like jackets, hats, shoes, pants, and etc. that Europeans wore at that time, since Turkey is part of Europe. 

Europe back then became secular, and some people wanted to keep the traditional clothing in their religion, Islam. But Mustafa Kemal thought that secular clothing shouldn't get in the way of religion. 

Film Lesson " Gandhi "

For the past few days, we've been watching clips from the movie "Gandhi". Gandhi was an Indian man, who helped his country win its independence from the British. But to him, in order to win their independence, was all about gaining it with non-violent actions. He was one of the spiritual and political leaders of India. He was a very kind-hearted man. Though in this kind of situations, many people would take violent actions, but Gandhi didn't he believed in that but peace and taking non-violent actions.

Basically this whole Indian Independence movement started because India was controlled by the British, since they were part of the British Colonies. They were okay with it first, but things changed and the Indian people didn't like their ways and the way things were. They were also treated terrible, and got taxed more than they should be. Like any other countries, they wanted to be a free country.

The actions he took was very light and wise. He took his protesting to the next level, by not fighting back if the British Officers or officers who hurt them. Though, there was this one time when they had a massacre and killed almost 1400 people. Another event that they protested was the Salt March. They didn't want to pay any taxes for the salt. The Indians refused to pay, so they instead marched peacefully. After trying for many years of doing things peacefully without any violence, and it finally worked. The Prime Minister of Great Britain declared independence for the country India.